The gears (gearset) in the gearbox of airsoft electric weapons are key parts of the weapon. These gears mechanically drive the moving parts of the gun, such as the piston, tappet plate, which guides the fed projectiles into the hop-up chamber. The gearbox of electric Airsoft guns usually contains three main gears:
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Sector : This is responsible for cocking the airsoft gun's piston. This determines how much the tappet plate should be pulled up, a so-called delayer is placed on the side of the gear where the tappet plate hangs up.
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Spur : This gear connects the sector to the bevel gear.
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Bevel : The bevel gear connects the spur gear to the motor. The backstop is located next to the bevel gear, which prevents the motor from rotating backwards after an incomplete cycle.
These gears are usually made of metal, steel to withstand strong mechanical stress. Quality gears can be more durable and accurate, resulting in longer life and better performance.
Gear ratios determine the speed and torque ratio between two gears. Below are some examples of the most common transfers:
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Standard Gearset (18:1) : The most commonly used gear ratio in Airsoft guns is the ratio ratio 18:1. This means that the timing gear (spur gear) turns 18 teeth before the series gear (sector gear) turns 1 tooth. This gear ratio creates a good balance between projectile speed and engine efficiency.
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High-Speed Gearset (16:1, 14:1, 13:1, 12:1) : The high-speed gears enable faster projectile feeding. For example, a gear ratio of 16:1 or 13:1 means that the timing gear turns 16 or 13 teeth before the series gear turns 1 tooth. This increases the speed of the engine and the rate of fire of the weapon.
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High-Torque Gearset (32:1, 36:1, 100:200, 100:300) : High-torque gears move the piston more slowly but more powerfully. For example, a gear ratio of 32:1 or 36:1 means that the spur gear turns 32 or 36 teeth before the sector gear turns 1 tooth. This increases the torque of the motor and helps the gun to shoot stably and powerfully.
The selection of gears depends on the player's preference and the purpose of the weapon. The high-speed transmission provides faster shooting and reaction time, while the high-torque transmission provides greater torque and stability. Standard gearing is usually a good middle ground between speed and torque.
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